<\/p>\n
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\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Sudan Transparency Tracker 2024).<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a 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\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a (Global Financial Integrity 2020).. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (Reuters 2025).<\/span><\/p>\n \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 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\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(Chatham House 2025; EIA 2024)<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/span><\/p>\n 1 . \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u00a0 . 5\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n – Sudan Transparency & Policy Tracker. *Fueling Sudan\u2019s War: How Oil Exports, Imports, and Wartime Finance Are Connected.* July 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n – Global Financial Integrity. *Sudan and Trade Integrity.* Washington DC: GFI, 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n – Chatham House. *How Sudan\u2019s Gold Sector Connects to a Regional Conflict Ecosystem.* London, 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n – Reuters. \u201cSudan Pound Suffers as De Facto UAE Flight Ban Hits Gold Exports.\u201d October 21, 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n – U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). *Country Analysis Brief: Sudan and South Sudan.* Washington DC, March 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0 \u00a0\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/span><\/p>\n \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n O.sidahmed09@gmail.com<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 : \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f 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…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":7807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107,196],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[155],"class_list":["post-7806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-107","category-196"],"aioseo_notices":[],"authors":[{"term_id":155,"user_id":23,"is_guest":0,"slug":"nehorizon","display_name":"\u0623\u0641\u0642 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